Welcome to MS Pantherina Online
	INTERNET ADDRESSING URL URL means, "Uniform Resource Locator", by definition is a pointer to a websites resource and is needed to differentiate websites. It is a string of characters that locates a specific piece of information anywhere on the web. (for example: http://www.wikipedia.org is the URL to Wikipedia) This shows an HTTP Protocol. An URL can also be broken down into parts. *You could add a path component that specifically references the host computer. *You can add a portthat shows where the TCP connection is made on the remote host machine. *You could add a fragment(AKA: reference) that could specify a specific section you are looking for. domains A domain is a location on the internet. It's a particular web server and is the middle part of the address. The domain name tells the location and the type of address. Components of domain names are separated by periods or dots. The three letter extension at the end describes type of domain such Google (www.Google.com), or Government (www.gov.ca) etc. the "Google" and "gov" are the domains. top level Top level domain is the end of a domain. So this is the end of an address. For example .com .org .net. Some top level domain names also include a two letter code extension for the country for ex: .us .mx .uk .ca email Email addresses are a type of electronic mailboxes used to send and receive messages, all addresses follow the same format which is : username@domain (i.e. jdoe@gmail.com). The major difference between addresses and URL's are the absence of the "@" symbol. THE INTERNET The Internet is the worldwide "network of networks" that links millions of computers together via copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other telecommunications channels. It is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure, forming a network in which any computer can communicate with any other computer as long as they are both connected to the Internet. Information that travels over the Internet does so via a variety of languages known as protocols.This publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks communicate using a set of protocols and standards, the most basic of which are TCP/IP. TCP/IP consists of the Transmission Control Protocol in conjuntion with the Internet Protocol. Other protocols such as DHCP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, IRC, MIME, POP3, SMTP, SSH, TELNET, RTP and many more help hold the whole thing together. This learning resource will look mostly at the technical aspects of the Internet, but may eventually cover social, economic, historical and other aspects. A popular way to visualize the complexity of the Internet is to see it as a stack of layers known as the OSI model, short for Open Systems Interconnection model. OSI Layers: * Layer 7: Application Layer – the main interface for the user(s) to interact with the application and therefore the network * Layer 6: Presentation Layer – transforms data to provide a standard interface for the Application layer * Layer 5: Session Layer – controls the dialogues (sessions) between computers * Layer 4: Transport Layer – provides transparent transfer of data between end users and machines * Layer 3: Network Layer – provides the functional and procedural means of transferring variable length data sequences from a source to a destination via one or more networks * Layer 2: Data Link Layer – provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities and to detect and possibly correct errors that may occur in the physical layer * Layer 1: Physical Layer – defines all the electrical and physical specifications for devices and the communications media